Variable Step Size Maximum Correntropy Criteria Based Adaptive Filtering Algorithm

Maximum correntropy criterion (MCC) based adaptive filters are found to be robust against impulsive interference. This paper proposes a novel MCC based adaptive filter with variable step size in order to obtain improved performance in terms of both convergence rate and steady state error with robustness against impulsive interference. The optimal variable step size is obtained by minimizing the Mean Square Deviation (MSD) error from one iteration to the other. Simulation results in the context of a highly impulsive system identification scenario show that the proposed algorithm has faster convergence and lesser steady state error than the conventional MCC based adaptive filters

The Detour Monophonic Convexity Number of a Graph

A set  is detour monophonic convexif  The detour monophonic convexity number is denoted by  is the cardinality of a maximum proper detour monophonic convex subset of  Some general properties satisfied by this concept are studied. The detour monophonic convexity number of certain classes of graphs are determined. It is shown that for every pair of integers   and  with  there exists a connected graph  such that   and , where  is the monophonic convexity number of

Protecting web servers from distributed denial of service attack

This thesis developed a novel architecture and adaptive methods to detect and block Distributed Denial of Service attacks with minimal punishment to legitimate users. A real time scoring algorithm differentiated attackers from legitimate users. This architecture reduces the power consumption of a web server farm thus reducing the carbon footprint

Socio-hydrologic drivers of the pendulum swing between agricultural development and environmental health: A case study from Murrumbidgee River basin, Australia

This paper presents a case study centred on the Murrumbidgee River basin in eastern Australia. It illustrates the dynamics of the balance between water extraction and use for food production, and efforts to mitigate and reverse consequent degradation of the riparian environment. In particular, the paper traces the history of a pendulum swing between an exclusive focus on agricultural development and food production in the initial stages and its attendant socio-economic benefits, followed by the gradual realization of the adverse environmental impacts, subsequent efforts to mitigate these with the use of remedial measures, and ultimately concerted efforts and externally imposed solutions to restore environmental health and ecosystem services. The 100-year history of development within the Murrumbidgee is divided into four eras, each underpinned by the dominance of different values and norms and turning points characterized by their changes. The various stages of development can be characterized by the dominance, in turn, of infrastructure systems, policy frameworks, economic instruments, and technological solutions. The paper argues that, to avoid these costly pendulum swings, management needs to be underpinned by long-term coupled socio-hydrologic system models that explicitly include the two-way coupling between human and hydrological systems, including the slow evolution of human values and norms relating to water and the environment. Such coupled human-water system models can provide insights into dominant controls of the trajectory of their co-evolution in a given system, and can also be used to interpret patterns of co-evolution of such coupled systems in different places across gradients of climatic, socio-economic and socio-cultural conditions, and in this way to help develop generalizable understanding. © 2014 Author(s)

Functional analysis of cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty with medial calcar augmentation for unstable intertrochanteric fractures in elderly

Background: Intertrochanteric fracture is one of the most common fractures among the elderly osteoporotic population, constituting about 50% of hip fractures. These fractures are managed either by fixation using dynamic hip screw (DHS), proximal femur nail (PFN) or by replacement, based on the stability of fracture pattern, age of the patient, quality of bone and associated co-morbid conditions. Prosthetic replacement which is routinely done for femoral neck fractures requires modification when done for trochanteric fractures to improve stability. This study aims to analyse the short term functional outcome of cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty with medial calcar augmentation for unstable intertrochanteric fractures in elderly.Methods: Our study includes 60 patients of age more than 70 years admitted in our institution during June 2012 to September 2016 with unstable intertrochanteric fractures. All patients operated through posterior approach to hip and cemented hemiarthroplasty with medial calcar augmentation with bone graft was done. Patients were followed up for an average of period of 2 years. Functional outcome was evaluated with Harris Hip score.Results: 28% of cases had excellent outcome. 43% of cases had good and 23% of cases had fair outcome. 2% of cases ended with poor outcome. The in-hospital mortality rate was 3.3%. The survival rate of the patients in this study at the end of one year is 85%. Conclusions: Cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty with medial calcar augumentation can be considered as a good primary option for elderly unstable intertrochanteric fracture patients with osteoporotic bones and associated co-morbidities. 

Influence of the Sub-peak of Secondary Surface Plasmon Resonance onto the Sensing Performance of a D-shaped Photonic Crystal Fibre Sensor

Peer reviewedPostprin

A Surface Plasmon Resonance Bio-Sensor based on Dual Core D-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fibre Embedded with Silver Nanowires for Multi-Sensing

K. Senthilnathan and K. Nakkeeran acknowledge the ASEM-DUO for support in the form of an International Joint Project Grant (2020 DUO-India-Scotland Professor Fellowship Award).Peer reviewedPostprin

A novel framework to detect and block DDoS attack at the application layer

Detection and prevention of DDoS is still an area of ongoing research. A carefully crafted DDoS attack can fool present methodologies and overwhelm a server; such attacks may be the next wave of cyber warfare and cyber crime. It can be shown that only application level methods are capable of differentiating legitimate flash traffic from DDoS. In this paper we explain why existing application layer methodologies cannot work and propose a novel set of algorithms that are capable of detecting and blocking DDoS attacks whilst allowing through legitimate user traffic, including flash traffic. The required functionality can be added to existing web servers with a minimum of interference with the application code, or implemented in a separate network device

Power efficient secure web servers

The power consumption of web servers and associated se- curity devices is becoming an increasing issue both from an economic and environmental perspective. This paper analyses the power consumption of both security software and web server software and concludes that traditional architectures waste energy with repeated transitions up and down the TCP/IP stack. This contention is proved by comparing the energy usage of a traditional architec- ture and a new architecture whereby IDS functionality is moved into the web server and all operations share HTTP packets. Based on these ndings we propose a novel al- ternative power ecient architecture for web servers that may also be usable in other network systems